Exercise Solutions Available
Step-by-step answers for all textbook questions in this chapter
How to Use This Question Bank
- Practise one chapter at a time.
- Write answers in a notebook first.
- Check against textbook; note missing keywords.
- Re-attempt weak questions after two days.
One Mark Questions
Measurements
1. What is the SI unit of length? 2. Define least count. 3. What is zero error? 4. Name one use of a screw gauge. 5. What is the difference between a scalar and a vector quantity?
Force and Pressure
6. State Archimedes' principle. 7. Write the formula for pressure. 8. What is buoyancy? 9. Name one example of a non-contact force. 10. What is the SI unit of pressure?
Heat
11. What is specific heat capacity? 12. Convert 100°C to Kelvin. 13. Name the mode of heat transfer in solids. 14. What is radiation? Give one example. 15. Write the formula Q = mcΔT and define each term.
Light
16. State the first law of reflection. 17. Which mirror is used as a rear-view mirror? 18. What is the order of colours in the visible spectrum? 19. Define refraction. 20. Name the phenomenon responsible for a rainbow.
Electricity
21. State Ohm's law. 22. What is resistance? What is its SI unit? 23. Name one application of the heating effect of current. 24. In a parallel circuit, which quantity is the same across all components? 25. What is a fuse? Why is it used?
Matter Around Us
26. Define sublimation and give one example. 27. Is dissolving sugar in water a physical or chemical change? 28. Name the process by which liquid changes to solid. 29. What is evaporation? 30. Give one property of a gas.
Atomic Structure
31. What is an atomic number? 32. How many electrons can the second shell hold? 33. Define valency. 34. Name the particle in the nucleus that has no charge. 35. Write the electronic configuration of oxygen (Z = 8).
Periodic Classification
36. State the modern periodic law. 37. How many groups are in the modern periodic table? 38. What are noble gases? Give one example. 39. Define metalloid and give one example. 40. In which direction does atomic size increase in the periodic table?
Acids, Bases and Salts
41. What colour does red litmus paper turn in a base? 42. Define neutralisation. 43. What is the pH of a neutral solution? 44. Name the indicator present in turmeric. 45. Write the chemical formula of baking soda.
Carbon and Its Compounds
46. What is catenation? 47. Name the allotrope of carbon used in pencils. 48. Write the molecular formula of methane. 49. What is the valency of carbon? 50. Name one unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Life Processes of Plants
51. Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis. 52. Name the tissue that transports food in plants. 53. What is transpiration? 54. Where does photosynthesis occur in a plant cell? 55. Define stomata.
Life Processes of Animals
56. Name the enzyme in saliva. 57. Where does absorption of digested food occur? 58. What is peristalsis? 59. Name the protein that carries oxygen in blood. 60. How many chambers does the human heart have?
Microorganisms
61. Name the microorganism that causes malaria. 62. What is an antibiotic? 63. Name one useful bacterium. 64. Are antibiotics effective against viruses? 65. What is pasteurisation?
Reproduction
66. Define pollination. 67. What is a zygote? 68. Name one example of vegetative propagation using leaves. 69. Distinguish oviparous from viviparous in one sentence. 70. What is binary fission?
Health and Hygiene
71. Define communicable disease. 72. Name the vector of dengue fever. 73. What is a vaccine? 74. Define immunity. 75. Give one example of a deficiency disease.
Short Answer Questions (3 marks)
1. Distinguish between contact and non-contact forces with two examples each. 2. Explain three modes of heat transfer with one example each. 3. State the laws of reflection and draw a diagram. 4. Explain series and parallel circuits with formulae. 5. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes with two examples. 6. Write electronic configuration of Na (11), Cl (17), and Ca (20). 7. Explain the pH scale with examples of acidic, neutral, and basic substances. 8. Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. 9. Explain the conditions needed for photosynthesis. 10. Describe digestion in the stomach. 11. Distinguish between bacteria and viruses. 12. Explain asexual reproduction in plants with three methods.
Long Answer Questions (5 marks)
1. Describe the structure of an atom with a diagram. Explain Bohr's model. 2. Explain the modern periodic table — groups, periods, and periodic trends. 3. State and explain Archimedes' principle with experiment and applications. 4. Describe the human digestive system. Include organs, juices, and enzymes. 5. Explain the human circulatory system. Describe the function of the heart. 6. Compare communicable and non-communicable diseases with examples. 7. Explain photosynthesis in detail. What factors affect the rate? 8. Describe the allotropes of carbon with diagrams and uses. 9. Explain sexual reproduction in flowering plants — pollination to seed formation. 10. Explain acids, bases, and salts. Describe neutralisation with two examples.