Instructions
- Time: 3 hours | Max Marks: 70
- Part I (1 mark): Answer all 15. | Part II (2 marks): Answer any 6 of 8.
- Part III (3 marks): Answer any 9 of 12. | Part IV (5 marks): Answer any 5 of 7.
Part I — 1 Mark Questions (Answer All)
1. Who proposed five-kingdom classification? 2. What is the first stable product in C4 plants? 3. Name the enzyme that catalyses nitrogen fixation. 4. Where does glycolysis occur? 5. What is the tidal volume of a normal human? 6. Name the universal blood donor group. 7. What wave in ECG represents ventricular depolarisation? 8. What is the functional unit of the kidney? 9. Which hormone promotes stomatal closure? 10. Name the organelle called the powerhouse of the cell. 11. What is the dominant phase in bryophytes? 12. Which cells produce antibodies? 13. Name the site of Calvin cycle in chloroplast. 14. What is the net ATP produced in glycolysis? 15. Name the largest phylum in Animalia.
Answer Key: 1. Whittaker 2. OAA 3. Nitrogenase 4. Cytoplasm 5. 500 mL 6. O 7. QRS complex 8. Nephron 9. ABA 10. Mitochondria 11. Gametophyte 12. B lymphocytes 13. Stroma 14. 2 ATP 15. Arthropoda
Part II — 2 Mark Questions (Answer any 6)
1. Differentiate between macronutrients and micronutrients. Give two examples each. 2. What is crossing over? State its significance. 3. Name the stages of Prophase I of meiosis. 4. Differentiate between inspiration and expiration. 5. What is the Rh factor? What happens when Rh- mother carries Rh+ baby? 6. Define: (a) Plasmolysis (b) Turgor pressure. 7. What is photoperiodism? Name one SDP and one LDP. 8. List two functions of the liver.
Part III — 3 Mark Questions (Answer any 9)
1. Compare C3 and C4 plants with examples. 2. Describe the steps of urine formation. 3. List the deficiency symptoms of nitrogen, iron, and magnesium. 4. Explain the ABO blood group system. 5. Describe the cardiac cycle with phases and durations. 6. What is the pressure flow hypothesis? How does phloem transport work? 7. Explain the cohesion-tension theory of ascent of sap. 8. Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis (any three points). 9. Describe the role of five plant growth regulators briefly. 10. Explain the transport of CO₂ in blood (three forms). 11. What is nitrogen fixation? Name two organisms involved. 12. Describe the levels of organisation in the animal kingdom.
Part IV — 5 Mark Questions (Answer any 5)
1. Describe the structure of a nephron with a labelled diagram. Explain the three steps of urine formation. 2. Explain the light reactions of photosynthesis — PS II, ETC, PS I, and ATP synthesis. 3. Describe the five-kingdom classification (Whittaker) with features and one example each. 4. Draw and explain the structure of a mitochondrion. Describe the Krebs cycle. 5. Explain the cardiac cycle and relate it to heart sounds and ECG waves. 6. Describe the digestive process from stomach to small intestine with enzymes involved. 7. Explain meiosis I (reductional division) with all phases.
Exam Tips
- Attempt Part I first — it takes only 15 minutes.
- For 5-mark answers, always start with a definition or introduction.
- Draw diagrams even when not explicitly asked — it shows understanding and earns extra marks.
- Leave 10 minutes at the end for reviewing Part I answers.