Instructions
- Time: 2 hours 30 minutes
- Maximum Marks: 75
- Answer all questions in Section A; choose from B and C as instructed.
Section A — One Mark Questions (15 × 1 = 15)
1. Who founded the Brahmo Samaj? 2. Name the Chinese traveller who visited India during Harsha's reign. 3. What is the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere? 4. In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer found? 5. Who is called the "Father of the Indian Constitution"? 6. What is the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha? 7. Name the house that cannot be dissolved in the Indian Parliament. 8. What does PDS stand for? 9. Which monsoon gives maximum rainfall to Tamil Nadu? 10. Define sustainable development (one line). 11. Name any one monument built by Shah Jahan. 12. Who gave the slogan "Do or Die"? 13. What are mandatory road signs shaped like? 14. Which sector of the economy directly uses natural resources? 15. Name the year in which the Indian Constitution came into effect.
Section B — Short Answer Questions (5 × 5 = 25)
Answer any 5 of the following (3 marks each):
16. Distinguish between primary and secondary sources of history. 17. What were the causes of the 1857 revolt? 18. Explain Akbar's Mansabdari system. 19. Describe the layers of the atmosphere. 20. What is the water cycle? Describe its stages. 21. Explain any three Fundamental Rights. 22. What are Directive Principles of State Policy? Give two examples. 23. Distinguish between organised and unorganised sectors.
Section C — Long Answer Questions (5 × 7 = 35)
Answer any 5 of the following (7 marks each):
24. Describe the role of Gandhi in India's independence movement. 25. Write about the contribution of Mughal emperors to Indian architecture. 26. Explain the major social reform movements of 19th century India. 27. Describe the factors that affect the climate of a place. 28. Explain the types of resources and the need for their conservation. 29. Describe the structure and functions of the Indian Parliament. 30. Explain the Public Distribution System and major health schemes of India.
Answer Guidelines
- Section A: One-word or one-line answers only
- Section B: 5–6 lines with textbook keywords; use bullet points if needed
- Section C: 15–20 lines with headings, sub-headings, and examples; draw tables where relevant
- Always use textbook terms and definitions — do not guess answers