Which latitude passes through the middle of India?

The Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) passes through the middle of India, dividing it into two almost equal climate zones.

Which countries share land borders with India?

India shares land borders with Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar.

The Himalayas in the north, the Northern Plains, the Peninsular Plateau, the Coastal Plains and the Islands.

Class 6

Complete notes for CBSE Class 6 Geography Chapter 7: location, area, neighbours, coastal waters, states, and the physical divisions of India.

Updated 17 June 20263 min read

Latitudes: 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N
Longitudes: 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E
India lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Tropic of Cancer (23½° N) passes almost through the middle, splitting India into two nearly equal climate zones.

India has an area of about 3.28 million square kilometres.
This is about 2.4% of the world's total area.
India is the 7th largest country in the world.
It has a land boundary of about 15,200 km and a coastline of about 7,516 km.

The southernmost point of India's mainland is near Kanyakumari, where the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean meet.

India is divided into States and Union Territories.
New Delhi is the national capital.
For the latest count, States and Union Territories together number 36 (28 States + 8 Union Territories).

India has five major physical divisions:

Division	Description
The Himalayas	Young fold mountains in the north; snow-fed rivers start here
The Northern Plains	Flat, fertile plains formed by the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers
The Peninsular Plateau	A flat-topped, old plateau (the Deccan) south of the plains
The Coastal Plains	Narrow strips of flat land along the west (Konkan, Malabar) and east coasts
The Islands	Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal

Term	Meaning
Tropic of Cancer	The 23½°N latitude passing through the middle of India
Hemisphere	Half of the Earth (India is in the Northern)
Palk Strait	The strip of sea between India and Sri Lanka
Peninsula	Land surrounded by water on three sides (the Indian peninsula)
Union Territory	A region ruled directly by the Central Government
Alluvial plain	A fertile plain formed by river deposits

The latitudinal/longitudinal extent (8°4′N–37°6′N, 68°7′E–97°25′E) is a very common 1-mark question.
The Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) passes through the middle of India — learn this fact well.
The seven land neighbours in order (Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar) plus the two island neighbours (Sri Lanka, Maldives) is a favourite 2-mark question.
The five physical divisions — Himalayas, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal Plains, Islands — is a standard short answer.
Lakshadweep = Arabian Sea; Andaman & Nicobar = Bay of Bengal — remember which sea each group lies in.

India lies between 8°4′N and 37°6′N latitudes and between 68°7′E and 97°25′E longitudes, entirely in the Northern Hemisphere.