Quick Summary
The Central Government runs national administration. It has three main organs: legislature, executive, and judiciary. Understand powers, functions, and relationships between these organs.
Key Areas to Study
- Legislature: Parliament, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha
- Executive: President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers
- Judiciary: Supreme Court
- Law-making process
- Checks and balances
- Responsibility of executive to legislature
Institution Table
| Institution | Main Role |
|---|---|
| Parliament | Makes laws and controls government. |
| President | Constitutional head of the Union. |
| Prime Minister | Real executive head and leader of government. |
| Council of Ministers | Assists and advises the President. |
| Supreme Court | Highest court and guardian of Constitution. |
Important Questions
One Mark
- Name the two houses of Parliament.
- Who is the constitutional head of India?
- Who is the real executive head?
- What is the highest court in India?
Two Marks
- Distinguish between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
- Write two powers of the President.
- Mention two functions of the Prime Minister.
- Why is judiciary important?
Five Marks
- Explain the structure and functions of Central Government.
- Describe the role of Parliament in law-making.
- Discuss the powers and functions of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers.
Common Mistakes
- Calling the President the real executive head.
- Confusing Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
- Forgetting judiciary in the structure of government.
- Writing only names without functions.
Revision Checklist
- Three organs of government revised
- Parliament houses compared
- President and Prime Minister roles clear
- Supreme Court function prepared
- Five-mark structure answer practised
Frequently Asked Questions
Central Government is the Union Government that administers the whole country through legislature, executive, and judiciary.